The Blubber

Bird Flu Spreading in Massachusetts, Officials Warn

Bird flu, also known as highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI), appears to be spreading among both wild and domestic birds across Massachusetts, according to state health and environmental officials.

The Division of Fisheries and Wildlife (MassWildlife), the Massachusetts Department of Agricultural Resources (MDAR), and the Massachusetts Department of Public Health (DPH) stated that HPAI is suspected to be responsible for the deaths of both wild and domestic birds in several towns in the state.

"Evidence suggests that HPAI is widespread in Massachusetts and likely present even in areas without confirmed cases," the agencies said in a joint statement. "State officials are coordinating with partners to test potential cases and work with municipalities to safely dispose of dead birds."

Bird species at the highest risk for infection include raptors, waterfowl, and other aquatic birds, though any bird species is vulnerable, officials noted. Additionally, wild mammals, such as foxes, that scavenge on dead birds are also at risk.

State officials have advised the public not to handle dead or sick birds or animals and to report any suspected cases. Boston’s Emerald Necklace, a park system running throughout the city, has posted reminders urging residents not to touch, feed, or remove birds from the parks.

Previous Bird Flu Outbreaks in Massachusetts

Bird flu outbreaks have been intermittently reported in Massachusetts since early 2022. In January 2024, an outbreak was suspected of causing the deaths of Canada geese, swans, and other birds in Plymouth. Now, additional cases have been confirmed.

Precautionary Measures and Recommendations

For individuals observing five or more sick or dead birds in a single location, the state advises reporting the incident to MassWildlife. For those with livestock or poultry, it is recommended not to share equipment with other bird owners, avoid unnecessary movement of poultry, and isolate new birds for at least a month before integrating them into an existing flock.

Human Cases of Bird Flu in the U.S.

Bird flu outbreaks have also affected poultry and dairy cows in the U.S., and human cases have been reported among workers exposed to infected animals. Since April 2024, there have been 67 confirmed human cases across 10 states, with most cases being mild and patients recovering fully. Only one death has been recorded, in a Louisiana patient over 65 who had underlying health conditions.

The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) and other public health officials have emphasized that there is currently no evidence of human-to-human transmission, and the risk to the general public remains low.