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American households have been investing heavily in stocks, but these record-high levels of exposure may signal caution for the broader market.In a note released Wednesday, analysts at Ned Davis Research pointed out that multiple indicators suggest investor sentiment toward equities is approaching or already at long-term highs that have historically coincided with market tops."The market tends to peak when optimism is at its highest and investors are fully committed," said Ned Davis, senior advisor at the firm.Some of the signs that suggest peak optimism include:Households now hold the largest share of their financial assets in stocks since records began in 1951.Mutual fund cash levels dropped to an all-time low in December 2024.Institutional investors have a near-record-long exposure to equities, second only to the market peak in 2000.Foreign investors are holding stock at levels not seen since the 1968 peak.CEO confidence reached an all-time high following President Trump’s inauguration in January.Davis also noted that market valuations based on dividend yields, cash flow, and GAAP earnings are at or near historically elevated levels.Taken together, Davis believes these signals point to conditions that often precede a long-term market top.“With this much optimism already baked in, the question becomes how much buying power remains on the sidelines,” he said.That said, Davis still sees potential for near-term rallies, especially following the market’s recent pullback.“In the short term, markets are very oversold,” Davis explained. “This sets the stage for strong rebound potential.”Still, the firm emphasized that this year’s downturn in the S&amp;P 500 could be an early indicator of deeper challenges ahead, calling it a “warning crack” in the broader market outlook.